2021 MAZDA CX-9 GRAND TOURING VIN JM3TCBDY2M0522948

This record covers a 2021 Mazda CX-9 Grand Touring. There is an automatic gearbox, with four-wheel drive. The engine is a 2.5-litre petrol unit with four cylinders. Details for this car come from a single data source and may differ from its documents.

The record gives the mileage as 102,495 miles. A clock converted from miles to kilometres should be documented, since the swap can hide the true mileage. Averaged over the car’s age, the mileage works out well above the usual annual distance, and wear on the suspension, brakes and interior should be judged with that in mind. The number on the clock proves little by itself; earlier figures logged at services and inspections are what make it believable. Older figures usually turn up on service invoices, inspection reports and past title paperwork.

When the car was recorded, it showed damage to the left front. A damage type says what kind of damage the car had, not how serious it was or whether it has been repaired since. With damage to the left front on file, the inspection should start with the left front wing, the suspension on that corner and the wheel alignment.

When it was checked, the car could not be driven. The engine started, but that says nothing yet about the gearbox or the drive to the wheels. A key was there when the car was checked.

The car carries a salvage title. A title like this is issued when repair was judged uneconomical or unsafe. If any work has been done on the car since, photos and invoices should show what was replaced.

A car’s history is the sum of what has happened to it since it was new, and most of it has left a trace on paper somewhere. The paperwork is kept by different bodies – registries, workshops, insurance companies and lenders – so the history of one car is spread across many places. A car’s past rarely shows on the paintwork: a well-repaired accident or water damage that was dried out is easy to miss.

Regular oil changes and timely work on the timing belt or chain decide how well an engine copes with age. Many modern petrol engines are turbocharged and direct-injected; where they are, the turbocharger and injectors belong on a specialist’s checklist. With no test drive possible, the automatic gearbox has to be assessed on a lift and with diagnostic equipment. Drive to all four wheels means more to maintain: differentials and couplings have oil of their own, which some manufacturers want changed at set intervals.

The VIN is a 17-character code assigned at the factory: it identifies the manufacturer, the model and its variant, and ends with a serial number unique to the car. The VIN on file for this car is JM3TCBDY2M0522948. The VIN usually appears at the base of the windscreen, on a door pillar and stamped into the body, and all of them should match the documents.

What a history report can list depends on what has been documented about the car: registrations, mileage readings, damage, branded titles and theft reports. The absence of an entry is not proof that nothing happened; it may only mean that nobody wrote it down. A VIN check and a physical inspection answer different questions: the first says what happened to the car, the second what condition it is in now. The next step is to look up the history behind VIN JM3TCBDY2M0522948.