2015 BMW 328I XDRIVE VIN WBA3B3G54FNT17962

The BMW 328I Xdrive described here left the factory in 2015. The petrol engine has four cylinders and produces 240 hp. Power reaches the wheels through an automatic gearbox.

Turning back an odometer takes little skill and leaves no visible trace, which is why earlier figures matter more than the display. Older figures usually turn up on service invoices, inspection reports and past title paperwork.

No primary damage is given in the record for this car, which is not the same as proof that it has never been damaged. Paint depth, panel gaps and the underbody show whether the body has been repaired.

The record describes this BMW 328I Xdrive as a non-runner. The engine could not be started. No key was available with the car, so a new one will have to be made and programmed. Condition notes are a snapshot: the car may have been worked on, stripped of parts or left standing since.

A salvage title is on file for this car. A title of this kind usually means the car was written off as a total loss after damage. If any work has been done on the car since, photos and invoices should show what was replaced.

A car’s history is everything logged against it since it left the factory: registrations and owners, inspections, repairs and insurance claims. The paperwork is kept by different bodies – registries, workshops, insurance companies and lenders – so the history of one car is spread across many places. From the outside, a car with a repaired accident and a car without one can look identical.

An engine that has had its oil changed on time is far less likely to cause trouble later, and workshop invoices are the proof. On a petrol engine, spark plugs, ignition coils and the cooling system are the routine items a service history should cover. On a car that does not run, the automatic gearbox cannot be judged on the road; the colour and smell of its fluid and a diagnostic scan give the first clues. Drive to all four wheels means more to maintain: differentials and couplings have oil of their own, which some manufacturers want changed at set intervals.

A VIN never contains the letters I, O or Q, which could be mistaken for digits; its 17 characters identify the maker, the model and the individual car. The record gives the VIN as WBA3B3G54FNT17962. The number in the car’s documents should match the one stamped into the body and the one on the plate at the base of the windscreen.

What a history report can list depends on what has been documented about the car: registrations, mileage readings, damage, branded titles and theft reports. However complete the paperwork, only an inspection shows the condition of the body, suspension, brakes and electrics today. The next step is to look up the history behind VIN WBA3B3G54FNT17962.